Microsoft Access is one of the few programs that does not cache files. It makes changes directly to files in real-time and on disk.
Cloud storage service such as Google Drive try to sync every change to a file and Access files can change faster than Drive can sync.
This results in slow performance and sometimes corrupt databases.

When working with an Access Database, we recommend moving the access database out of the Google Drive folder and to the desktop of the computer.

An image a Windows desktop where an arrow indicates that the user should drag the database file to the desktop from Google Drive.

Once moved over. Double-click on the file on the Desktop to open it.

Work on the file and make your edits.

Once your work is complete, ensure you save the file.

Before logging off, move your file back to your Google Drive folder. It will not synchronize otherwise.

You can Replace the old file in the Google Drive folder

An image a Windows desktop where an arrow indicates that the user should drag the database file to Google Drive from the desktop.

You may be prompted to replace the file — you can select yes to do so.